What Is a Radiopharmaceutical Hood and What Is It Used For?<\/h2>\n
In laboratory processes related to radioactive materials and radiopharmaceuticals, adhering to safety principles and controlling the spread of radioactive contamination is of vital importance. One of the primary pieces of equipment used to ensure this safety is the Radiopharmaceutical Hood<\/strong>. This device, as a ventilation and personal protection system, prevents the release of vapors, aerosols, and particles contaminated with radioactive materials into the work environment.<\/p>\n Kimiagene Pajooh Pars<\/strong>, with more than two decades of experience in designing and manufacturing specialized laboratory equipment, has brought the production of radiochemistry and radiopharmaceutical hoods into operation in accordance with international standards and the needs of the country\u2019s research and medical centers.<\/p>\n A radiopharmaceutical hood functions similarly to a chemical fume hood but is designed with special measures to control radioactive emissions. This hood has a lead body or internal lead lining to absorb gamma and beta radiation, and its front window is made of lead glass of appropriate thickness so that, while providing user visibility, it prevents the passage of radiation.<\/p>\n Contaminated air inside the hood is filtered by HEPA<\/strong> filters and activated carbon<\/strong> filters and then exhausted to the outside. An intelligent ventilation system and corrosion-resistant fans ensure a uniform and safe airflow. All internal surfaces are made of 304 stainless steel<\/strong> so that decontamination can be performed completely.<\/p>\n Below we describe the types of radiopharmaceutical hoods:<\/p>\n Designed for performing chemical reactions with radioactive materials. Features include:<\/p>\n All-steel body with lead lining for protection against gamma and beta radiation<\/p>\n<\/li>\n HEPA filter +<\/strong> activated carbon filter to remove particles and vapors<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Exhaust airflow with negative pressure<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Viewing window made of lead glass This type is specifically for the preparation, dilution, and final packaging<\/strong> of radioactive drugs. Compared to a radiochemistry hood, it has a more complex filtration system and higher radiation protection<\/strong>. Features:<\/p>\n Full lead-lined design<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Ability to control temperature and humidity in the workspace<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Multi-stage filtration (HEPA + activated carbon + prefilter)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Display for radiation and internal pressure monitoring The most advanced type of radio hood\u2014essentially a fully lead-shielded enclosed chamber with fixed gloves (glove ports). Typically used for highly radioactive isotopes. Features:<\/p>\n Full lead body with 5 to 10 mm<\/strong> thickness<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Long fixed gloves to work without direct contact<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Thick lead glass (10 to 15 mm<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Fully filtered ventilation and exhaust to the central exhaust system<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Radiation monitor, alarm system, and interlock Hoods for transferring radioactive materials between sections without direct user contact<\/strong>. They have two-sided lead doors with an interlock system. A simpler, more compact model used in environments with low radioactivity<\/strong>. Type:<\/strong> Radiochemistry Type:<\/strong> Radiopharmaceutical Type:<\/strong> Lead-Isolated (Glove Box \/ Hot Cell) Type:<\/strong> Radioactive Transfer Type:<\/strong> Local Radioactive Exhaust Protection Type<\/strong><\/p>\n Radiopharmaceutical Hood: against radioactive contamination and chemical vapors<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Chemical Fume Hood: against chemical vapors and gases<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Class II Biological Safety Cabinet: against microbial contamination<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n Body and Window<\/strong><\/p>\n Radiopharmaceutical Hood: lead lining and thick lead glass<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Chemical Hood: ordinary steel body<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Class II BSC: HEPA filter present, but no lead lining<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n Filtration System<\/strong><\/p>\n Radiopharmaceutical Hood: HEPA + activated carbon + direct exhaust<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Chemical Hood: simple exhaust ventilation<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Class II BSC: two HEPA filters for product\/personnel\/environment protection<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n Primary Application<\/strong><\/p>\n Radiopharmaceutical Hood: radiopharmaceuticals, nuclear medicine<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Chemical Hood: general chemical reactions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Class II BSC: cell and microbial culture<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Radiopharmaceutical hoods manufactured by Kimiagene Pajooh Pars<\/strong> are designed in accordance with radiation safety requirements and the guidelines of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI)<\/strong>. Main features include:<\/p>\n Fully stainless-steel interior with protective lead lining<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Lead glass with adjustable thickness based on isotope type<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Double filtration system (HEPA + activated carbon)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Digital controller for fan speed and internal negative pressure<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Radiation monitor and radiation contamination alarm system<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Ergonomic design with standard workspace<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Customizable dimensions and capacities based on laboratory needs<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n All models undergo air-leak testing, airflow uniformity evaluation, and radiation protection assessment before delivery.<\/p>\n These hoods are used widely, including:<\/p>\n Synthesis and labeling units for radiopharmaceuticals (e.g., FDG, I-131, Tc-99m)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Nuclear medicine departments of hospitals<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Quality control centers for radioactive drugs<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Radiotherapy research institutes and higher-education centers<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Pharmaceutical and research industries related to radiochemistry<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Their use ensures user and environmental safety and prevents cross-contamination during critical stages of production and analysis.<\/p>\n Whether for radioactive, chemical, or biological drugs, compliance with standards is one of the most important criteria for safety and performance approval of laboratory equipment. Below are technical, documented requirements for the design, manufacture, and testing of pharmaceutical hoods\u2014especially radiopharmaceutical hoods.<\/p>\n Performance and Safety Requirements for Containment Systems and Fume Hoods<\/strong> (laboratory ventilation and contamination-control enclosures). Key points:<\/p>\n Defining permissible air-leak limits from the hood<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Design requirements to maintain internal negative pressure<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Methods for testing airflow uniformity (Velocity Distribution Test)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Designing the exhaust path to prevent recirculation of contaminated air<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Evaluating permissible noise level, internal illumination, and vibration level<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n For radiopharmaceutical hoods, this standard is the main basis for ventilation and negative-pressure design.<\/p>\n Includes:<\/p>\n Gas-leak test methods<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Performance testing under various airflow conditions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Evaluation of HEPA and activated carbon filters<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Standard for user distance from the hood sash\/front opening<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Specifications for automatic ventilation control systems<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n According to EN 14175, face velocity<\/strong> at the hood opening should be 0.4 to 0.6 m\/s<\/strong> to balance safety and flow stability.<\/p>\n IAEA publishes guidelines and radiation-safety requirements for working with radioactive materials that are mandatory for radiopharmaceutical hood design:<\/p>\n IAEA Safety Standards GSR Part 3:<\/strong> radiation protection requirements in workplaces<\/p>\n<\/li>\n IAEA Safety Reports Series No. 64:<\/strong> guidance on designing radiochemistry spaces and ventilation equipment<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Mandatory lead shielding with thickness proportional to isotope type<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Controlled exhaust path and the use of HEPA and activated carbon filters prior to discharge<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Built-in radiation monitoring and leak-alarm systems<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n These standards form the safety basis for products by reputable companies, including Kimiagene Pajooh Pars.<\/p>\n In Iran, the design and manufacture of equipment related to radioactive materials must comply with AEOI regulations. Key points:<\/p>\n Evaluating the Shielding Factor<\/strong> of the body and lead glass<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Controlling the exhaust path and preventing air backflow<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Annual calibration requirements for radiation monitors<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Recording and maintaining documentation for radiation-leak and filtration tests<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Domestic manufacturers such as Kimiagene Pajooh Pars<\/strong> must obtain conformity approval from AEOI experts before installation.<\/p>\n This standard specifies indoor air cleanliness levels in terms of particulate concentration. Pharmaceutical hoods usually should operate at least at ISO Class 7<\/strong> or better. This means:<\/p>\n Particles larger than 0.5 \u03bcm<\/strong> must not exceed permissible limits<\/p>\n<\/li>\n HEPA filters must have \u226599.97%<\/strong> efficiency for 0.3 \u03bcm<\/strong> particles<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Based on IEC 61010-1<\/strong> and ASTM E2352<\/strong>:<\/p>\n The electrical system must be safe, spark-proof, and properly grounded<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Body and internal fittings must be made of corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant materials<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Lead glass must be resistant to mechanical impacts<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Emergency exhaust<\/strong> must remain active during power loss or critical conditions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n In the design of Kimiagene\u2019s radiopharmaceutical hoods, alongside technical and protective aspects, ergonomics<\/strong> and user safety are carefully observed. Ergonomics means adapting equipment to human physical needs and limitations; therefore, these hoods are designed to allow users to work for long hours without fatigue, physical strain, or reduced accuracy.<\/p>\n The angle of the lead glass is adjusted to provide a direct, glare-free view for the operator, while the appropriate thickness ensures full radiation protection. The working height and control positions are selected based on human body dimensions to reduce repetitive and unnatural movements. Using LED lighting with standard intensity and angle allows precise observation of samples without glare.<\/p>\n Beyond user comfort, radiation-safety principles are also observed: appropriate distance between the operator and the radioactive source, uniform distribution of incoming and exhaust airflows, and radiation\/negative-pressure alarms\u2014all ensure safe, stable working conditions. Thus, ergonomic and safety-centered design in Kimiagene\u2019s radiopharmaceutical hoods not only increases user productivity but also minimizes radiation exposure risk and provides a safe, stable, user-friendly environment for radiochemistry activities.<\/p>\n Installation and commissioning is a specialized process that must be performed by trained technical experts and in accordance with radiation-safety instructions. Before installation, the device location is evaluated for ventilation, power access, exhaust routing, and room pressure level to ensure stable airflow and complete removal of contaminated vapors. After positioning the device, connections for air discharge, filter pathways, and the central exhaust are set, and a negative-pressure test<\/strong> is performed to evaluate ventilation performance.<\/p>\n Then, HEPA and activated carbon filters are installed in their designated housings and pressure drop is checked using a digital manometer. Electrical systems, internal lighting, and radiation alarms are tested individually to ensure correct operation. Finally, initial calibration of the radiation monitor, fan-speed adjustment, and air-leak testing are performed by the technical team. After final approval, the device is handed over in the presence of a radiation-protection specialist and complete user training and safety instructions are provided to the operator.<\/p>\n At Kimiagene Pajooh Pars<\/strong>, this process is performed based on IAEA<\/strong> standards and AEOI<\/strong> guidelines to ensure the hood enters operation in a completely safe, stable, and reliable condition.<\/p>\n Periodic maintenance plays a decisive role in preserving safety, operational stability, and extending device lifespan. This process should be carried out at regular intervals\u2014usually every six to twelve months<\/strong>\u2014by experienced technical teams under the supervision of the radiation-safety officer. During service, the status of the ventilation system, fan performance, internal negative pressure, and the efficiency of HEPA and activated carbon filters are evaluated. If filter efficiency is reduced, they are replaced with standard, certified units to prevent the return of contaminated vapors or particles.<\/p>\n Calibration of the radiation monitor, verification of alarm sensors, and air-leak testing of the body and internal connections are fixed parts of each service. If necessary, worn components\u2014including fans, gaskets, or control systems\u2014are replaced. After the technical steps, a complete performance report and test results are provided to the client. Kimiagene Pajooh Pars<\/strong> offers on-site specialized services for repairs, filter replacement, calibration, and safety testing to ensure radiopharmaceutical hoods are maintained at the highest safety and operational standards.<\/p>\n Using a radiopharmaceutical hood requires adherence to specific radiation standards. Operators must receive necessary safety training, and the hood must periodically undergo the following tests:<\/p>\n Radiation-leak testing and contamination-level assessment<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Periodic replacement of HEPA and activated carbon filters<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Calibration of the radiation monitoring system<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Verification of fan performance and internal negative pressure<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Following these requirements increases device lifespan and ensures complete workplace safety.<\/p>\n Technically<\/strong>, imported hoods are generally from leading global brands and are offered with advanced technologies and international certifications. However, in recent years, Iranian hoods, especially those produced by Kimiagene Pajooh Pars<\/strong>, relying on IAEA<\/strong> standards and AEOI<\/strong> regulations, have achieved a high level of accuracy and safety. With robust design, precise ventilation, and standard HEPA<\/strong> and activated-carbon<\/strong> filters, these devices deliver performance equivalent to foreign models.<\/p>\n In terms of service and maintenance<\/strong>, the difference between the two groups is significant. Imported devices often face delays and high costs for breakdowns or spare-part replacements, whereas Iranian models offer direct manufacturer support and on-site service, enabling repairs and calibration in the shortest possible time\u2014crucial for research centers or hospitals where downtime can be costly.<\/p>\n From an economic<\/strong> perspective, Iranian hoods have a clear advantage. The initial purchase and installation cost is much lower than foreign brands, and spare-part supply and technical services are delivered more quickly and cheaply. In addition, the ability to customize<\/strong> design, dimensions, and filter type based on each laboratory\u2019s needs in Kimiagene products offers more flexibility than imported models, making them an optimal choice for the country\u2019s scientific and industrial centers.<\/p>\n Kimiagene Pajooh Pars<\/strong>, leveraging specialized scientific and technical staff and long experience in designing laboratory safety equipment, offers distinctive advantages:<\/p>\n Design and manufacture in accordance with international ISO<\/strong> and IAEA<\/strong> standards<\/p>\n<\/li>\n High-quality materials and full stainless-steel construction<\/p>\n<\/li>\n After-sales services, on-site installation, and training<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Technical support and rapid spare-part supply<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Domestic production of this equipment, while reducing costs, also strengthens the country\u2019s scientific and industrial independence in the field of nuclear medical equipment.<\/p>\nStructure and Operation of the Radiopharmaceutical Hood<\/h2>\n
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<\/h2>\nTypes of Radio Hoods (Radioactive \/ Radiochemistry \/ Radiopharmaceutical Hoods)<\/h2>\n
Radiochemistry Hood<\/h3>\n
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Application:<\/strong> synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals (e.g., FDG or Tc-99m) and stages of chemical combination of isotopes.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nRadiopharmaceutical Fume Hood<\/h3>\n
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Application:<\/strong> nuclear pharmacies, production and quality control (QC) centers for radiopharmaceuticals.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nLead-Shielded Glove Box \/ Hot Cell<\/h3>\n
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Application:<\/strong> working with high-dose isotopes (e.g., I-131, Lu-177, Y-90) and radiotherapy centers.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nRadioactive Transfer Hood (Transfer Hood \/ Pass-Through Box)<\/h3>\n
Application:<\/strong> connection between synthesis hood and QC hood, or transferring the sample to another test location.<\/p>\nLocal Exhaust with Radioactive Filtration (Local Exhaust \/ Radioactive Filter Hood)<\/h3>\n
Application:<\/strong> educational work, laboratories with limited radioactive activity, or initial sample preparation.<\/p>\nSummary Comparison of Radio Hood Types<\/h2>\n
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Protection Level:<\/strong> Medium
Suitable Isotopes:<\/strong> Low-dose isotopes
Key Feature:<\/strong> Semi-lead design, HEPA filtration
Application:<\/strong> Synthesis reactions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Protection Level:<\/strong> High
Suitable Materials:<\/strong> Radiopharmaceuticals
Key Feature:<\/strong> Multi-stage filtration system
Application:<\/strong> Packaging and QC<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Protection Level:<\/strong> Very High
Suitable Isotopes:<\/strong> Highly radioactive isotopes
Key Feature:<\/strong> Full lead body with fixed gloves
Application:<\/strong> Industrial production and radiotherapy<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Protection Level:<\/strong> Medium
Suitable Materials:<\/strong> Any type
Key Feature:<\/strong> Two-sided interlock system
Application:<\/strong> Safe transfer of materials<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Protection Level:<\/strong> Low
Suitable Materials:<\/strong> Low-hazard materials
Key Feature:<\/strong> Lightweight, portable design
Application:<\/strong> Educational<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nComparison Table: Radiopharmaceutical Hood vs. Chemical and Biological Hoods<\/h2>\n
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Features and Technical Specifications of Kimiagene Radiopharmaceutical Hoods<\/h2>\n
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Applications of Radiopharmaceutical Hoods in Research and Industry<\/h2>\n
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Standards and Design Requirements for Pharmaceutical Hoods (Especially Radiopharmaceutical Hoods)<\/h2>\n
ISO 17873:2022<\/h3>\n
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EN 14175 (European Standard for Fume Cupboards)<\/h3>\n
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IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) Standards<\/h3>\n
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Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI) Guidelines<\/h3>\n
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ISO 14644 (Cleanroom Classification)<\/h3>\n
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Mechanical and Electrical Design Requirements<\/h3>\n
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Ergonomic Design and User Safety<\/h2>\n
Installation and Commissioning of the Radiopharmaceutical Hood<\/h2>\n
Periodic Maintenance and Service of the Radiopharmaceutical Hood<\/h2>\n
Safety Requirements and Hood Maintenance<\/h2>\n
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How Do Iranian Radiopharmaceutical Hoods Differ from Imported Devices?<\/h2>\n
Why Is Kimiagene\u2019s Radiopharmaceutical Hood a Good Option?<\/h2>\n
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Video: Explanation About Kimiagene\u2019s Radiopharmaceutical Hood by Dr. Oskouei<\/h2>\n